Agriculture calculators

Raised Bed Soil Calculator

Updated Sep 29, 2026 By Infinity Calculator
Unit System:
Soil Mix Ratio (optional)

Customize your soil mix percentages. They must total 100%.

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Total Soil Required

Total Volume
6.25 ft³
Bags Needed (1 ft³)
7 bags
Bags Needed (2 ft³)
4 bags
Cubic Yards
0.23 yd³

Per-Bed Breakdown

Bed Shape Volume Topsoil Compost Perlite/Vermiculite

Introduction

Building a raised bed garden is exciting, but figuring out how much soil you need can be tricky. Our Raised Bed Soil Calculator works out how much soil your bed needs. Just enter the length, width, and depth of your raised bed, and the tool will tell you exactly how much soil to buy. This saves you time, money, and extra trips to the garden center. This calculator helps you get the right amount of soil every time, for a single bed or a whole garden. No more buying too much or too little, just the perfect fill for healthy plants and strong roots.

How to Use Our Raised Bed Soil Calculator

Enter the size of your raised bed below, and this calculator will tell you exactly how much soil you need to fill it.

Unit system: Choose Imperial (feet and inches) or Metric (centimeters).

Soil mix: Set the percentages of topsoil, compost, and perlite or vermiculite. They must add up to 100%, and the breakdown table splits each bed's volume by them.

Bed shape: Each bed can be a rectangle, a circle, or an L-shape (an outer rectangle with a cutout rectangle taken away). Use Add Another Bed to include more beds in the total.

Length: Enter the length of your raised bed. Measure from one end to the other along the longest side.

Width: Enter the width of your raised bed. This is the shorter side of your bed.

Depth: Enter how deep the soil will be, in inches or centimeters. The Quick Fill by Plant menu can fill in a depth for the crops you plan to grow.

Results: The calculator shows the total soil volume, the number of 1- and 2-cubic-foot bags (28- and 57-liter bags in metric), and cubic yards. Bulk soil is usually sold by the cubic yard, so this number helps you know how much to order.

Raised Bed Soil Calculator

A raised bed is a garden built on top of the ground, usually held in place by a frame made of wood, stone, or metal. Raised beds are popular because they give you better control over your soil, drain water more easily, and keep weeds out. They also warm up faster in spring, which means you can start planting sooner.

How Much Soil Do You Need?

Figuring out the right amount of soil for your raised bed is one of the most important steps before planting. If you add too little soil, your plants won't have enough room for their roots to grow. Too much soil can be a waste of money. This calculator helps you find the exact volume of soil you need based on the size of your raised bed.

Understanding Soil Volume

Soil volume is measured in cubic feet or cubic yards. To find the volume, you multiply the length, width, and depth of your raised bed together. With all three in inches, divide by 1,728 to get cubic feet, because a cubic foot is 1,728 cubic inches.4 A cubic yard is 27 cubic feet.4 A soil-and-organic mix about 8 inches deep is enough for the roots of most vegetable plants.2 On a hard surface such as a driveway, a bed should be at least 8 inches deep for leafy greens, beans, and cucumbers, and 12 to 24 inches deep for peppers, tomatoes, and squash.1

What Kind of Soil Should You Use?

The best soil mix for raised beds is a blend of three things:

  • Topsoil – makes up the bulk of your bed and gives structure
  • Compost – adds nutrients that feed your plants
  • Perlite or coarse sand – helps with drainage so roots don't sit in water

A good fill is compost and topsoil mixed in a 1:2 or 1:1 ratio, or compost and a soilless growing mix in a 1:1 ratio.1 In a bed that contains garden soil, organic matter should make up 25% to 50% of the volume.1 Do not fill a raised bed with compost alone, because compost lacks the mineral part of soil that plants need.3 You may also want to add a layer of pea gravel at the bottom of deeper beds to improve drainage further.

Helpful Tips

Keep in mind that soil settles over time. Expect a newly filled bed to sink as the compost in the mix breaks down, and refill it as needed.3 It's a good idea to buy a little extra soil so you can top it off later. Also, adding a fresh layer of compost each season keeps the soil healthy and full of nutrients for your next round of plants.


Formulas used

Rectangular Bed Volume 4
V = \frac{L \times W \times D}{1728}
Circular Bed Volume
V = \frac{\pi \left(\frac{d}{2}\right)^2 \times D}{1728}
L-Shaped Bed Volume
V = \frac{(L_o \times W_o - L_c \times W_c) \times D}{1728}
Soil Mix Component Volume
V_{\text{component}} = V_{\text{total}} \times \frac{P}{100}
Bags Needed
\text{Bags} = \lceil \frac{V_{\text{total}}}{V_{\text{bag}}} \rceil
Volume in Cubic Yards 4
V_{\text{yd}^3} = \frac{V_{\text{ft}^3}}{27}

Frequently asked questions

What depth should I use for my raised bed?

It depends on what you want to grow and what is under the bed. Over loosened native soil, a soil-and-organic mix about 8 inches deep is enough for the roots of most vegetable plants.2 On a hard surface such as a driveway, use at least 8 inches for leafy greens, beans, and cucumbers, and 12 to 24 inches for peppers, tomatoes, and squash.1 The Quick Fill by Plant menu suggests 6 inches for lettuce, herbs, and radishes, 12 for beans, peppers, and cucumbers, 15 for root vegetables, and 18 for tomatoes, squash, and broccoli.

What is the L-shaped bed option for?

The L-shaped option lets you calculate soil for beds that are not a simple rectangle. You enter the outer rectangle dimensions and then a cutout rectangle that gets subtracted. The calculator figures out the remaining L-shaped area and multiplies it by the depth to get your soil volume.

How much extra soil should I buy to account for settling?

A newly filled bed sinks over time as the compost in the mix breaks down, so plan to refill it.3 A safe rule is to buy 10 to 15 percent more than the calculator shows. This way you will have enough to top off your bed after a few weeks.

What if my raised bed has an unusual shape that is not listed?

Break your bed into simpler shapes. For example, a U-shaped bed can be split into three rectangles. Add each section as a separate bed entry in the calculator. The tool will total them all up for you automatically.

How do I convert cubic feet to cubic yards?

Divide cubic feet by 27. There are 27 cubic feet in one cubic yard.4 The calculator does this math for you and shows the result in the Cubic Yards card so you can easily order bulk soil from a supplier.

Why is my mix percentage warning showing up?

The warning appears when the topsoil, compost, and perlite/vermiculite percentages do not add up to 100%. Adjust the numbers so they total exactly 100. The calculator needs this to correctly split the soil volume into each ingredient.


Sources

  1. Traunfeld J. Soil to Fill Raised Beds. University of Maryland Extension. 2019;Filling raised beds; Scenarios 2 and 4. Accessed September 29, 2026.
  2. Edmunds B. Raised bed gardening (FS 270). Oregon State University Extension Service. 2020;Creating an unframed, raised garden bed. Accessed September 29, 2026.
  3. Miller W, Mann J. How to use compost in gardens and landscapes (EM 9308). Oregon State University Extension Service. 2021;How to fill raised beds. Accessed September 29, 2026.
  4. NIST Handbook 44 (2026), Appendix C: General Tables of Units of Measurement. National Institute of Standards and Technology. 2026;Units of Volume, p. C-6. Accessed September 29, 2026.