Finance calculators

401k Contribution Calculator

Updated Sep 11, 2026 By Jehan Wadia
Rate Formulas
Income & Pay Schedule
Before any taxes or deductions.
Under 50 — no catch-up contributions.
All per-paycheck figures update instantly.
Sets the auto-filled federal bracket.
Your 401(k) Contribution
Account Type
Pre-tax — lowers your taxable income today.
Contribution Input Mode
= $173.08 per paycheck
Employer Match
100% up to 3%: contribute at least 3% of salary and your employer matches the full 3%.
Tax Assumptions
Auto-filled with your marginal bracket from salary + filing status; applied as a flat rate to pay for this estimate. Editable — enter your effective rate for a closer take-home figure.
Enter 0% for no-income-tax states.
SS 6.2% (up to $184,500 wage base) + Medicare 1.45%; traditional deferrals don't reduce FICA wages.

Your Paycheck Impact

Your contribution per paycheck
$0.00
 
Actual take-home pay reduction
$0.00
 
Tax savings per paycheck
$0.00
 
Employer match per paycheck Free Money 💰
$0.00
 
2026 IRS Annual 401(k) Contribution Limit
Your contribution: $0 Limit for your age: $0
0%
Before & After Paycheck Comparison
Line Item Without 401(k) With 401(k)
Where Each Gross Paycheck Goes (With 401(k))
SegmentAmount% of Gross
Traditional vs. Roth — Your Numbers Side by Side
Per PaycheckTraditional 401(k)Roth 401(k)
Step-by-Step Solution

Introduction

Putting money in your 401(k) costs less than you think. This 401(k) contribution calculator shows how much your paycheck actually shrinks when you save for retirement, and that drop is usually smaller than the amount you put away.

Here is why. With a traditional 401(k), your money comes out before taxes. So you pay less federal and state income tax on that paycheck. Put in $200 and your take-home pay may only drop by about $150. The rest is money you would have handed to the IRS anyway.

Just type in your salary, your age, how often you get paid, and how much you want to save. The calculator shows your real cost per paycheck, your tax savings, your free employer match, and how close you are to the 2026 IRS limit of $24,500 (plus catch-up if you are 50 or older). You can switch between Traditional and Roth to see both side by side, and view the numbers per paycheck or per year.

You also get a full before-and-after paycheck breakdown, a chart of where every dollar goes, and step-by-step math so you can see how each number was found. Use it to find the contribution rate that grows your retirement savings without hurting your budget.

How to use our 401(k) Contribution Calculator

Enter your pay, your age, how much you want to put in your 401(k), your employer match, and your tax rates. The calculator shows your contribution per paycheck, your real take-home pay drop, your tax savings, free employer match money, and how close you are to the 2026 IRS limit.

Annual Gross Salary: Type your pay for the year before taxes or any deductions come out.

Current Age: Enter your age. This sets your IRS limit, since people 50 and up can add catch-up money, and ages 60 to 63 get a bigger super catch-up.

Pay Frequency: Pick how often you get paid: weekly, bi-weekly, semi-monthly, or monthly. Every per-paycheck number uses this.

Tax Filing Status: Choose single, married filing jointly, married filing separately, or head of household. This fills in your federal tax rate for you.

Account Type: Pick Traditional for pre-tax money that lowers your taxes now, or Roth for after-tax money that comes out tax-free later.

Contribution Input Mode: Choose to enter your 401(k) contribution as a percent of salary or as dollars per paycheck. The calculator shows the other one for you.

Contribution Percentage or Per Paycheck Amount: Type how much you want to save. If it goes over the IRS yearly limit, the results use the limit instead.

Employer Match Rate: Enter how much your employer adds per dollar you put in. 100% means dollar for dollar; 50% means fifty cents per dollar.

Match Cap (% of Salary): Enter the top percent of your pay your employer will match, like 3% or 6%.

Federal Income Tax Rate: We fill this with your tax bracket. You can change it to your effective rate for a closer take-home number.

State Income Tax Rate: Type your state rate. Use 0% if your state has no income tax.

Include FICA: Leave this on to count Social Security and Medicare taxes in your paycheck math. These taxes do not drop when you contribute to a 401(k).

Calculate and Reset: Results update as you type, but you can press Calculate any time. Press Reset to start over with the default numbers.

What a 401(k) Contribution Really Costs You

A 401(k) is a retirement account you get through your job. Money comes out of each paycheck and goes into the account, where it can grow for years. With a traditional 401(k), the money comes out before income tax, so your taxable pay drops. With a Roth 401(k), the money comes out after tax, but your qualified withdrawals in retirement are tax-free.

Why Your Paycheck Drops Less Than You Think

This is the part most people miss. If you put $200 into a traditional 401(k), your take-home pay does not fall by $200. Because that $200 is not taxed today, you also pay less federal and state income tax. If your combined rate is 27%, you save about $54 in taxes, so your paycheck only shrinks by about $146. You saved $200 for retirement and it cost you $146.

Roth works differently. Since Roth money is taxed first, your paycheck falls by the full amount. The payoff comes later, when you pull the money out tax-free.

One thing to know: 401(k) money still pays FICA tax (Social Security and Medicare). Those taxes come out of your full gross pay no matter which type you pick.

Employer Match Is Free Money

Many jobs add money to your 401(k) when you contribute. A common deal is "100% up to 3%." That means if you put in 3% of your salary, your employer puts in 3% too. On a $75,000 salary, that is $2,250 a year you did not have to earn.

If you contribute less than the match cap, you leave part of that money on the table. Getting the full match is usually the first goal, before anything else. Check your plan for a vesting schedule, since some employers require you to stay a few years before the match is fully yours.

2026 IRS Contribution Limits

The IRS caps how much you can put in each year from your own pay. Employer match does not count against these limits.

Your Age in 2026Max Employee Contribution
Under 50$24,500
50 to 59$32,500 ($24,500 + $8,000 catch-up)
60 to 63$35,750 ($24,500 + $11,250 super catch-up)
64 and older$32,500 ($24,500 + $8,000 catch-up)

The bigger "super catch-up" for ages 60 to 63 comes from the SECURE 2.0 law. It is a short window, so it is worth using if you can.

Picking a Contribution Rate

  • Start at the match cap. Never skip free employer money.
  • Aim for 10% to 15% of pay over time, counting the match, for a solid retirement.
  • Raise it 1% a year. Small jumps are easy to absorb, and many plans can do it automatically.
  • Use raises. Bump your rate when your pay goes up and you will barely feel it.

Traditional or Roth?

A simple rule: pick traditional if you think your tax rate is higher now than it will be in retirement. Pick Roth if you think your tax rate will be higher later, which is often true for younger workers early in their careers. Splitting between both is also fine and gives you tax flexibility down the road.

These numbers are estimates. They use flat tax rates and do not include every deduction, credit, or local tax. Talk to a tax pro or financial advisor for advice on your own situation.


Formulas used

Gross pay per paycheck
G = \frac{S}{n}
Employee contribution per paycheck (capped at IRS limit)
C = \frac{\min\left(C_{\text{req}},\; L_{\text{base}} + L_{\text{catchup}}\right)}{n}
Employer match per paycheck
M = \frac{\min\left(C_{\text{annual}},\; \frac{c_{\text{cap}}}{100}\cdot S\right)\cdot \frac{r_{\text{match}}}{100}}{n}
Taxable pay per paycheck (Traditional vs. Roth)
T = \begin{cases} G - C & \text{Traditional} \\ G & \text{Roth} \end{cases}
Tax savings per paycheck
\Delta\text{Tax} = (G - T)\cdot r_{\text{fed}} + (G - T)\cdot r_{\text{state}}
Actual take-home pay reduction (net cost of contributing)
\text{Net Cost} = C - \Delta\text{Tax}
FICA per paycheck (unchanged by 401(k) deferrals)
F = \frac{0.062\cdot\min(S,\,184500) + 0.0145\cdot S + 0.009\cdot\max(0,\,S - \text{threshold})}{n}
Net take-home pay and total compensation with 401(k)
\text{Take-Home} = G - C - T\cdot r_{\text{fed}} - T\cdot r_{\text{state}} - F,\qquad \text{Total Comp} = \text{Take-Home} + M

Frequently asked questions

What happens if I contribute too much to my 401(k) in one year?

Going over the IRS limit is called an excess deferral. You must tell your plan and take the extra money out by April 15 of the next year.

If you miss that date, the extra gets taxed twice: once in the year you earned it, and again when you pull it out later. This usually happens when you switch jobs mid-year, since each employer only tracks what you put in with them. You have to add both plans up yourself.

Does my employer's match count toward the $24,500 limit?

No. The $24,500 cap for 2026 only covers money from your own paycheck.

There is a second, much bigger cap that counts everything: your contributions, the employer match, and any profit sharing. For 2026 that total cap is $72,000, or $80,000 if you are 50 or older and can add catch-up. Almost no one hits it.

Do 401(k) contributions lower my Social Security and Medicare taxes?

No. FICA taxes come out of your full gross pay no matter how much you put in a 401(k).

Social Security is 6.2% on wages up to $184,500 in 2026. Medicare is 1.45% on all wages. A traditional 401(k) only cuts your federal and state income tax, not these two. That is why your tax savings are smaller than your full combined tax rate.

Will saving in a 401(k) reduce my Social Security benefits later?

No. Your Social Security benefit is based on your Social Security wages, and 401(k) contributions do not lower those wages.

Since you still pay the 6.2% tax on that money, it still counts toward your future benefit. You get the retirement savings and keep the same credit.

Do high earners have to put catch-up contributions in a Roth now?

Yes, starting in 2026. If you earned more than $150,000 in wages from that same employer the year before, your catch-up money must go into a Roth 401(k).

That means the catch-up part is taxed now, not later. It comes from the SECURE 2.0 law. If you earned under that amount, you can still choose pre-tax catch-up.

Is putting 6% in my 401(k) enough?

It is a decent start, but for most people it is not enough on its own.

Aim for 10% to 15% of your pay, counting the employer match. So if your job matches 3%, saving 7% to 12% yourself gets you there. If 6% is all you can do now, get the full match first, then raise your rate 1% each year or every time you get a raise.

What is 401(k) vesting and how long does it take?

Vesting means how much of the employer match you actually get to keep if you quit. Your own contributions are always 100% yours.

Plans usually use one of three setups:

  • Immediate: the match is yours right away.
  • Cliff: you get nothing until a set date, often 3 years, then 100%.
  • Graded: you earn a piece each year, often 20% a year over 5 years.

Check your plan documents before you leave a job.

Can I contribute to a 401(k) and an IRA in the same year?

Yes. They have separate limits. In 2026 you can put up to $24,500 in a 401(k) and up to $7,500 in an IRA, plus catch-up if you are 50 or older.

One catch: if you have a 401(k) at work and your income is high, your traditional IRA deduction may be reduced or gone. A Roth IRA has its own income limits.

Can I change my 401(k) contribution amount at any time?

Most plans let you change it whenever you want, right on your provider's website. Some only allow changes each quarter or each pay period.

Changes usually take one or two pay cycles to show up in your check. You can also stop contributing entirely, but you lose the match for those paychecks, so try lowering the rate before stopping.

Do 401(k) contributions lower my state income tax too?

In most states, yes. Traditional 401(k) money is skipped for state tax the same way it is for federal tax.

A few states are different. Pennsylvania, for example, taxes your 401(k) contributions up front. Nine states have no income tax at all, so there is nothing to save there. Use 0% for your state rate if that is you.

Can I lose match money by maxing out my 401(k) early in the year?

Yes, in some plans. If you hit the yearly limit by August, you stop contributing, so there is nothing to match for the rest of the year.

Some plans fix this with a true-up, a payment after year-end that gives you the match you missed. If your plan has no true-up, spread your contributions evenly across all your paychecks instead.

When can I take money out of my 401(k) without a penalty?

Age 59½ is the main line. Pull money out before then and you usually owe a 10% penalty plus regular income tax on a traditional 401(k).

There are exceptions. The "rule of 55" lets you take money from your current employer's plan penalty-free if you leave that job in or after the year you turn 55. Disability, big medical bills, and some hardship cases can also qualify. You still owe income tax either way.

How much does raising my contribution by 1% actually cost per paycheck?

Less than you would guess. On a $60,000 salary paid every two weeks, 1% is about $23 a paycheck.

With a traditional 401(k) and a 27% combined tax rate, your take-home only falls about $17. Add an employer match and that 1% can be worth double what it cost you. That is why bumping your rate by 1% a year adds up so fast.