Finance calculators

Cash Flow Calculator

Updated Sep 21, 2026 By Infinity Calculator
Rate Formulas

Analysis Settings

Every amount below is entered per month.
Allowed range: 1–24.
Cash on hand at the start of Period 1.
Adjust for Inflation
Discounts each future period's cash flow back to present-day purchasing power.

Cash Inflows (money coming in)

Total Cash Inflows (all periods) $0.00

Cash Outflows (money going out)

Enter all outflows as positive amounts — the calculator subtracts them for you.
Total Cash Outflows (all periods) $0.00

Your Cash Flow Results

Positive Cash Flow Horizon: 12 months
Net Operating Cash Flow
$0.00
Operating inflows − operating outflows
Net Investing Cash Flow
$0.00
Investing inflows − investing outflows
Net Financing Cash Flow
$0.00
Financing inflows − financing outflows
Total Net Cash Flow
$0.00
Total inflows − total outflows
Ending Cash Balance
$0.00
After the final period
Average Net Cash Flow
$0.00
Per period
Lowest Cash Balance
$0.00
Period —
Operating Cash Flow Ratio
0.00%
Cash generated per $1 of operating spend
Burn Rate
None
Only shown when net cash flow is negative
Cash Runway
N/A
Ending balance ÷ burn rate
Step-by-Step Solution
Cash Inflows vs. Cash Outflows by Period
Running Cash Balance Over Time
Period-by-Period Summary
Cash flow by period
Period Total Inflows Total Outflows Net Cash Flow Running Cash Balance Status

Introduction

This Cash Flow Calculator shows you how much money comes into your business and how much goes out. Enter your cash inflows and outflows, and it tells you if you end each period with more cash or less.

You can plan by month, quarter, or year. Add your sales, loan money, rent, payroll, taxes, and any other item you need. You can also set a growth rate for each line if an amount goes up or down over time.

The calculator splits your cash flow into three parts: operating, investing, and financing. It then shows your total net cash flow, your ending cash balance, your lowest balance, your burn rate, and your cash runway. Charts and a period-by-period table show you the months where cash gets tight.

You can also turn on the inflation setting to see your results in today's dollars. Every answer comes with a step-by-step solution, so you can see exactly how the math works.

How to use our Cash Flow Calculator

Enter the money coming in and the money going out for each period, plus your starting cash. The calculator shows your net cash flow, ending cash balance, burn rate, cash runway, charts, and a step-by-step solution.

Analysis Period Type: Pick monthly, quarterly, or annual. This sets the time frame for every amount you type below.

Number of Periods: Type how many months, quarters, or years you want to plan for. Monthly allows up to 24, quarterly up to 8, and annual up to 10.

Beginning Cash Balance: Enter the cash you have on hand right now, before Period 1 starts.

Adjust for Inflation: Turn this on if you want results shown in today's dollars.

Annual Inflation Rate: If inflation is on, enter the yearly rate as a percent. The default is 3%.

Operating Inflows: Enter cash from sales, customer payments, and other daily business income.

Investing Inflows: Enter cash from selling assets or from investment returns and dividends.

Financing Inflows: Enter cash from loans you receive or money raised from investors.

Operating Outflows: Enter your regular bills as positive numbers, such as COGS, wages, rent, utilities, marketing, supplies, vendor payments, taxes, and insurance.

Investing Outflows: Enter cash spent on equipment, assets, or other capital expenses.

Financing Outflows: Enter loan principal payments, interest payments, and dividends you pay out.

Amount per period: For each line item, type the dollar amount for one period. Leave it blank or use 0 if it does not apply.

Change per period (%): Type how much that line item grows or shrinks each period. Use 0 for no change, or a negative number for a drop.

Add line item: Click this in any group to name and add your own income or expense. Use the trash button to delete it.

Calculate: Click to update your results. You can also click Load Example to see sample numbers, Reset to clear everything, or Print to save your report.

What Is Cash Flow?

Cash flow is the money that moves in and out of a business or household over a set time, like a month, a quarter, or a year. Money coming in is called an inflow. Money going out is called an outflow. When you take all the inflows and subtract all the outflows, you get your net cash flow.

Positive cash flow means you took in more cash than you spent. Negative cash flow means you spent more than you took in. A business can look profitable on paper and still run out of cash, so tracking cash flow matters just as much as tracking profit.

The Three Types of Cash Flow

  • Operating cash flow comes from your day-to-day work. Inflows are sales, customer payments, and other income. Outflows are things like cost of goods sold, wages, rent, utilities, supplies, taxes, and insurance. This is the most important number, because healthy businesses make cash from what they do every day.
  • Investing cash flow comes from buying or selling long-term things. Selling equipment or earning dividends brings cash in. Buying machines, vehicles, or other capital items sends cash out.
  • Financing cash flow comes from loans and owners. Loan proceeds and new investor money bring cash in. Loan payments, interest, and dividends to owners send cash out.

Beginning and Ending Cash Balance

Your beginning cash balance is the cash you already have on day one. Add each period's net cash flow to it and you get your running balance. The number at the end of the last period is your ending cash balance. Watching the running balance shows you the exact month or quarter when cash could get tight, even if the full year looks fine.

Burn Rate and Cash Runway

Burn rate is how much cash you lose in an average period when your net cash flow is negative. Cash runway is how long that cash will last: your ending balance divided by your burn rate. If you burn $5,000 a month and have $30,000 left, your runway is about 6 months. Runway tells you how much time you have to raise sales, cut costs, or find funding.

Why Growth Rates and Inflation Matter

Few costs or sales stay flat. A small growth rate per period lets you model rising sales, rising wages, or shrinking loan interest. Inflation matters too, because a dollar a year from now buys less than a dollar today. Adjusting for inflation restates future cash in today's dollars, so a long forecast does not look better than it really is.

How to Read Your Results

Strong operating cash flow with a steady or rising balance is a good sign. Positive total cash flow that only comes from loans or asset sales is a warning, because that money is one-time or must be paid back. The operating cash flow ratio shows how much net cash you keep for every dollar you spend running the business, and the higher, the better. Also check your lowest balance. If it dips below zero in any period, you need more cash, faster collections, or lower spending before that date.


Formulas used

Line-item amount in period t (with per-period growth and inflation deflator)
A_t = \frac{A_0 \left(1 + \frac{g}{100}\right)^{t-1}}{d^{\,t-1}}
Per-period inflation deflator
d = \left(1 + \frac{i}{100}\right)^{1/p}
Net cash flow by activity (operating, investing, financing)
\text{Net}_{\text{activity}} = \text{Inflows}_{\text{activity}} - \text{Outflows}_{\text{activity}}
Total net cash flow and average per period
\text{Net Cash Flow} = \text{Total Inflows} - \text{Total Outflows}, \qquad \overline{\text{Net}} = \frac{\text{Net Cash Flow}}{N}
Running cash balance at end of period t
B_t = B_0 + \sum_{k=1}^{t} \left(\text{Inflows}_k - \text{Outflows}_k\right)
Ending cash balance
\text{Ending Balance} = B_0 + \text{Net Cash Flow}
Operating cash flow ratio
\text{OCF Ratio} = \frac{\text{Net Operating Cash Flow}}{\text{Total Operating Outflows}} \times 100\%
Burn rate and cash runway
\text{Burn} = \frac{\left|\text{Net Cash Flow}\right|}{N}, \qquad \text{Runway} = \frac{\text{Ending Balance}}{\text{Burn}}

Frequently asked questions

What is the difference between cash flow and profit?

Profit is sales minus expenses on paper. Cash flow is real money moving in and out of your bank account.

They differ because of timing. If you bill a customer $10,000 in March but get paid in June, March shows profit with no cash. Buying $8,000 of inventory is cash out, but it is not an expense until you sell it.

A business can show profit every month and still bounce checks. That is why you track both.

How do you calculate free cash flow?

Free cash flow is the cash left after you pay to keep the business running and to buy equipment.

Free Cash Flow = Operating Cash Flow − Capital Expenditures

Example: $60,000 of operating cash flow minus $15,000 spent on a new truck equals $45,000 of free cash flow.

That $45,000 is what you can use to pay down debt, pay owners, or save.

Does depreciation affect cash flow?

No. Depreciation is a non-cash expense. No money leaves your bank account when you record it.

The cash went out when you bought the asset. Depreciation just spreads that cost over the years on your income statement.

So in a cash flow forecast, you skip depreciation and enter the actual purchase price in the period you paid for it.

Are loan payments an operating or financing cash outflow?

Split the payment into two parts:

  • Principal is a financing outflow. It pays back the money you borrowed.
  • Interest is the cost of borrowing. Many small business forecasts group it with financing, but under US accounting rules it is reported as an operating outflow.

Either way, the full payment leaves your bank, so both parts must appear in your forecast.

How much cash should a small business keep on hand?

A common rule is 3 to 6 months of operating expenses.

If you spend $20,000 a month to run the business, aim for $60,000 to $120,000 in the bank.

Keep more if your sales swing a lot by season, if customers pay slowly, or if you have big loan payments.

What is a good cash runway for a startup?

Most investors want to see 12 to 18 months of runway.

That gives you time to grow sales or raise a new round before the money runs out. Raising money often takes 3 to 6 months on its own.

Under 6 months of runway is a red flag. It means you need to cut costs or find cash right away.

Is negative cash flow always bad?

No. It depends on why.

Negative cash flow is fine for a short time if you bought equipment, stocked up on inventory before a busy season, or paid off a loan early. Those are choices you made.

It is a problem when your day-to-day operating cash flow is negative month after month. That means the core business spends more than it earns, and loans or savings are covering the gap.

How do you fix negative cash flow?

Work on speed first, then price and cost:

  • Bill customers the day the job is done, not at month end.
  • Ask for deposits up front and charge late fees.
  • Ask suppliers for 30 or 60 day terms.
  • Cut or delay spending that does not bring in sales.
  • Sell slow-moving inventory and unused equipment.
  • Raise prices, even a little.

Collecting faster usually helps more than cutting costs.

How far ahead should you forecast cash flow?

Use two views. A 13-week forecast for close control, and a 12-month forecast for planning.

The short view is accurate because you already know most bills and payments coming due. The long view is rough, but it shows slow seasons and big payments before they hit.

Update your forecast every week or every month with real numbers.

What is a 13-week cash flow forecast?

It is a week-by-week plan of cash in and cash out for the next quarter, about 13 weeks.

Banks and lenders often ask for it when a business is tight on cash. Weekly detail shows the exact week you might miss payroll or a loan payment, which a monthly view can hide.

What is a good operating cash flow ratio?

The standard version divides operating cash flow by current liabilities. A result above 1.0 is healthy. It means daily operations make enough cash to cover the bills due in the next year.

Below 1.0 means you may need loans or savings to pay short-term debts.

Compare your number to other firms in your industry, since normal levels differ by business type.

Is a loan counted as income in a cash flow forecast?

No. Loan money is a cash inflow, but it is not income or revenue.

It shows up under financing inflows because you have to pay it back. It never hits your profit statement as sales.

If your cash flow only looks positive because of loans or asset sales, the business itself is not paying for itself.

Do owner draws count as a cash outflow?

Yes. Money you take out of the business leaves the bank account, so it is a real outflow.

Owner draws and dividends go under financing outflows, not operating expenses. They are not a business expense and do not lower your taxable profit in a sole proprietorship or partnership.