Finance calculators

Annuity Payout Calculator

Updated Sep 11, 2026 By Infinity Calculator
Annuity Inputs
The lump sum you start with.
Amount withdrawn each payout period.
Expected annual growth on the balance.
How long payouts continue.
How often payouts are made.

Periodic Payout Amount
$0
Total Number of Payments
0
Total Amount Paid Out
$0
Total Interest Earned
$0
Ending Balance
$0
Balance Over Time
Payout Breakdown
Payout per Period$0
Annual Income$0
Payout FrequencyMonthly
Effective Periodic Rate0%
Principal Returned$0
Payout-to-Principal Ratio0%
Year-by-Year Schedule
Year Beginning Balance Interest Earned Payouts Ending Balance

Introduction

An annuity payout calculator helps you figure out how much money you can receive from your savings on a regular basis during retirement. When you buy an annuity with a lump sum or a series of payments, the insurer agrees to make periodic income payments to you, starting right away or at a future date.1 This tool calculates the numbers so you can plan ahead with confidence.

This calculator has four modes to answer different questions. Use Payout Amount mode to find out how much each payment will be. Use Required Principal mode to learn how much money you need to start with to get a certain payment. Use Payout Duration mode to see how long your money will last. And use Lifetime Payout mode to estimate monthly income based on your age and life expectancy.

You can choose how often you want to get paid: monthly, quarterly, annually, or other options. The calculator also shows you a year-by-year schedule and a chart so you can see how your balance changes over time. This tool makes it simple to understand how your annuity payments will work.

How to Use Our Annuity Payout Calculator

Enter your annuity details below to find out how much income you can receive, how much money you need to start with, or how long your payouts will last. The calculator gives you a full schedule, chart, and breakdown of your results.

Choose a Mode: Pick one of the four tabs at the top. "Payout Amount" finds your periodic income. "Required Principal" finds how much money you need. "Payout Duration" finds how long your money will last. "Lifetime Payout" estimates income based on your age and life expectancy.

Starting Principal: Enter the total lump sum of money you are starting with. This is the amount that will be paid out to you over time.

Desired Payout: Enter the dollar amount you want to receive each payout period. This field is calculated for you in Payout Amount mode.

Annual Rate of Return: Enter the yearly interest rate or growth rate you expect your annuity balance to earn while it pays out.

Payout Duration: Enter the number of years you want your payouts to continue. You can choose anywhere from 1 to 100 years.

Payout Frequency: Select how often you want to receive payments. Options include monthly, quarterly, semiannually, annually, semimonthly, or biweekly.

Lifetime Payout Mode Inputs

Premium / Investment Amount: Enter the lump sum you plan to put into a lifetime annuity.

Current Age: Enter your age today. The calculator uses this to estimate how long you are likely to live and receive income.

Income Start Timing: Choose whether your income begins right away or at a future age. If you pick a future age, your money grows during the waiting period.

Future Income Start Age: If you chose to start income later, enter the age when you want payments to begin. This must be older than your current age.

Payout Structure: Pick "Single Life" for income based on your life expectancy alone. Pick "Joint Life" to cover two lives. Pick "Period Certain" to guarantee payments for a set number of years.

Spouse Age: If you chose Joint Life, enter your spouse's current age. This helps estimate how long joint payments will last.

Period Certain Term: If you chose Period Certain, select the guaranteed payment period: 5, 10, 15, 20, or 25 years.

What Is an Annuity Payout?

An annuity payout is regular income you receive from a lump sum of money you have saved or invested. You give a set amount of money, called the principal, and in return you get steady payments over a period of time. These payments can come monthly, quarterly, or on another schedule you choose. As you receive payouts, the remaining balance continues to earn interest, which helps your money last longer.

How Annuity Payouts Work

Each time you get a payout, part of it comes from your original money and part comes from interest your balance has earned. Early on, a bigger share of each payment is interest. Over time, more of each payment comes from your principal. If you pick a fixed number of years, your balance will reach zero at the end. If the interest rate is high enough compared to your payout, your money can last much longer. This same principal-versus-interest breakdown drives loan amortization, which works in a similar way but from the borrower's perspective.

Types of Annuity Payouts

Single Life pays income for as long as you live, and the payments end at death.2 Joint Life covers two people: the first person is paid for life, and after they die the second person is paid for the rest of their life.2 Period Certain pays for a set length of time, like 10 or 20 years.2 Each type changes how much you receive per payment. The longer the payout period, the smaller each payment will be.

Key Factors That Affect Your Payout

  • Principal: A larger starting amount means bigger payments.
  • Interest Rate: A higher rate grows your balance faster, so your money lasts longer or pays more.
  • Payout Duration: Spreading payments over more years lowers each payment but gives you income for a longer time.
  • Payout Frequency: Getting paid monthly versus annually changes the size of each individual payment.
  • Deferral Period: Waiting to start payouts lets your money grow first, which can lead to higher income later.

Why Annuity Payouts Matter for Retirement

People typically buy annuities to help manage their income in retirement.1 Instead of worrying about running out of money, you know exactly how much you will receive each period. Those payments depend on the insurance company's financial strength and its ability to pay claims.1 This makes budgeting easier and gives you peace of mind. Many people use annuities alongside Social Security and other savings to cover living expenses throughout retirement.


Formulas used

Periodic Payout Amount (Annuity PMT)
PMT = P \times \frac{i}{1 - (1 + i)^{-n}}
Required Principal (Present Value of Annuity)
P = PMT \times \frac{1 - (1 + i)^{-n}}{i}
Payout Duration (Number of Periods)
n = \frac{\ln\!\left(\dfrac{PMT}{PMT - P \cdot i}\right)}{\ln(1 + i)}
Effective Periodic Rate
i = \frac{r}{f}
Deferred Premium Growth (Lifetime Mode)
P_{\text{start}} = \text{Premium} \times (1 + r)^{d}
Life Expectancy Approximation
LE = 84 + \max(0,\; \text{age} - 60) \times 0.18

Frequently asked questions

What happens to my balance while I receive payouts?

Your remaining balance keeps earning interest between each payout. Each payment you receive reduces the balance, but interest adds money back. Over time, interest makes up less of each payment and more comes from your original principal until the balance reaches zero.

What rate of return should I enter?

Use the rate your annuity or investment is expected to earn each year. A fixed annuity guarantees at least a minimum interest rate, and the insurance company sets the rates.1 Fixed annuities often pay between 3% and 6%. If you are unsure, try a few different rates to see how they change your results. A higher rate means bigger payments or a longer payout period.

Can my money last forever if the interest rate is high enough?

Yes. If the interest earned each period is more than or equal to your payout, your balance will never run out. In Payout Duration mode, the calculator will show "Indefinite" when this happens. This means you are only withdrawing the interest and not touching your principal.

What payout frequency should I choose?

Most retirees choose monthly because it matches how bills are paid. If you prefer fewer, larger checks, pick quarterly or annually. The total amount you receive over a year is similar regardless of frequency, but more frequent payouts mean smaller individual payments.

How does the Lifetime Payout mode estimate how long I will live?

It uses a simplified life expectancy formula based on your current age. It is an estimate, not a guarantee. For Single Life, it calculates payments until your estimated life expectancy. For Joint Life, it uses the longer life expectancy of you and your spouse. For Period Certain, it uses the exact number of years you select.

What is the difference between Single Life and Joint Life payouts?

Single Life pays income based on one person's life expectancy. Joint Life covers two people and pays until the second person passes away.2 Because Joint Life lasts longer, each monthly payment is smaller than with Single Life for the same principal and rate.

What does Period Certain mean?

Period Certain guarantees payments for a fixed number of years you choose, such as 10 or 20 years. Payments stop after that period ends. If you pass away before the period ends, the remaining payments go to your beneficiary.

What happens if I delay my income start to a future age?

Your money grows during the waiting period, which annuity contracts call the accumulation phase.1 The longer you wait, the more your principal grows through compound interest. This means your monthly payments will be higher when they finally start.

What is the payout-to-principal ratio shown in the results?

It is the annual payout divided by your starting principal, shown as a percentage. For example, if you have $500,000 and receive $30,000 per year, the ratio is 6%. A higher ratio means you are withdrawing money faster. This is similar to a withdrawal rate in retirement planning.

What does the ending balance in the results mean?

The ending balance is how much money is left after all payouts are made. If you set a fixed duration and the calculator solves for the payout, the ending balance will be $0 because the payout is sized to fully use your money. If you set your own payout amount, the ending balance shows what remains.

How is this different from a regular withdrawal from savings?

An annuity payout is structured so your money is divided into equal payments over a set time. Regular withdrawals can be any amount at any time. This calculator assumes level payments and a steady rate of return, which is how most annuity contracts work.


Sources

  1. Annuities. Investor.gov, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. Accessed September 11, 2026.
  2. Publication 575 (2025), Pension and Annuity Income. Internal Revenue Service. 2025;Types of pensions and annuities. Accessed September 11, 2026.