Math calculators

Perimeter Calculator

Updated Sep 1, 2026 By Infinity Calculator
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Perimeter
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Side Lengths Breakdown

Introduction

The perimeter is the total distance around the outside of a shape. Think of it like walking along the edge of a park: the perimeter is how far you walk to get all the way around. To find the perimeter, you simply add up the lengths of all the sides. This perimeter calculator makes that process quick and easy. Just enter the side lengths of your shape, and it will give you the answer right away. This tool calculates the perimeter of a triangle, rectangle, square, or any other polygon.

How to Use Our Perimeter Calculator

Enter the shape you want to measure and its side lengths. The calculator will give you the total perimeter, which is the distance around the outside of the shape.

Shape: Pick the shape you want to find the perimeter of. You can choose from common shapes like a square, rectangle, triangle, circle, or other polygons.

Side Length(s): Type in the length of each side of your shape. For a square, you only need one side. For a rectangle, enter the length and width. For a triangle, enter all three sides. If you picked a circle, enter the radius or diameter instead.

Unit of Measurement: Choose the unit you are working with, such as inches, feet, centimeters, or meters. This helps make sure your answer is in the right unit.

What Is Perimeter?

The perimeter is the total distance around the outside of a flat shape. Think of it like walking along the edges of a soccer field: the total distance you walk is the perimeter. To find the perimeter, you simply add up the lengths of all the sides of a shape.

How to Calculate Perimeter for Common Shapes

Different shapes have different perimeter formulas, but they all follow the same basic idea: add the sides together.

  • Square: Since all four sides are equal, the formula is P = 4 × side.
  • Rectangle: A rectangle has two pairs of equal sides. The formula is P = 2 × (length + width).
  • Triangle: Add all three sides together: P = side₁ + side₂ + side₃.
  • Circle: The perimeter of a circle is called the circumference. The formula is C = 2 × π × radius.

Why Is Perimeter Important?

Perimeter shows up everywhere in real life. If you want to build a fence around your yard, you need the perimeter. If you're putting a border around a picture frame, you need the perimeter. Builders, artists, and engineers all use perimeter calculations daily.

Perimeter vs. Area

It's easy to mix up perimeter and area, but they measure very different things. Perimeter measures the distance around a shape, while area measures the space inside a shape. Perimeter is measured in units like feet or meters. Area is measured in square units like square feet or square meters. For three-dimensional shapes, surface area extends these concepts to 3D objects.

Quick Tips

  • Always make sure all side lengths use the same unit before adding them together.
  • For irregular shapes, measure each side individually and then add them all up.
  • Double-check your work, since a small mistake in one side length changes the entire answer.
  • When you need to find the distance between two points to determine a side length, use coordinate geometry.

Formulas used

Square / Rhombus Perimeter
P = 4a
Rectangle / Parallelogram Perimeter
P = 2(l + w)
Triangle Perimeter
P = a + b + c
Circle Circumference
C = 2\pi r
Semicircle Perimeter
P = \pi r + 2r
Circle Sector Perimeter
P = 2r + \frac{\theta}{360} \cdot 2\pi r
Ellipse Perimeter (Ramanujan)
P \approx \pi \left[3(a+b) - \sqrt{(3a+b)(a+3b)}\right]
Annulus Perimeter
P = 2\pi(R + r)

Frequently asked questions

How do I find the perimeter of a circle?

The perimeter of a circle is called the circumference. The formula is C = 2 × π × r, where r is the radius. Select "Circle" in the calculator, enter the radius, and it will compute the circumference for you.

What are the quick pick presets?

Quick pick presets are pre-filled examples for each shape. Click one and the calculator fills in sample dimensions and shows the result right away. They are a fast way to see how the calculator works or to start with common values.

How do I calculate the perimeter of an irregular polygon?

Select "Custom Sides" in the calculator. Then type in all the side lengths separated by commas. The calculator adds them all up to give you the total perimeter.

What formula is used for the ellipse perimeter?

The calculator uses Ramanujan's approximation: P ≈ π × [3(a + b) − √((3a + b)(a + 3b))], where a is the semi-major axis and b is the semi-minor axis. There is no simple exact formula for an ellipse, but this approximation is accurate to within about 0.04%.

What does the triangle inequality mean?

The triangle inequality says that any one side of a triangle must be shorter than the sum of the other two sides. If this rule is broken, the sides cannot form a real triangle. The calculator checks this and shows an error if your sides are not valid.

How is the perimeter of an annulus (ring) calculated?

An annulus has two circular edges: an outer circle and an inner circle. The total perimeter is the sum of both circumferences: P = 2π(R + r), where R is the outer radius and r is the inner radius.

What is a regular polygon?

A regular polygon is a shape where all sides are the same length and all angles are equal. Examples include equilateral triangles, squares, and regular hexagons. The perimeter formula is simply P = n × s, where n is the number of sides and s is the side length.

Do all my side lengths need to be in the same unit?

Yes. All side lengths must be in the same unit before you enter them. If one side is in inches and another is in feet, convert them to the same unit first. The calculator cannot mix different units in one calculation.