Math calculators

Tan Inverse Calculator

Updated Jul 5, 2026 By Jehan Wadia
Rate Formulas
Enter Your Value
Accepts decimals and expressions, e.g. sqrt(3), 1/sqrt(3), √3, -1.
Output Units
Exact symbolic forms (e.g. π/3) are always shown regardless of this setting.

Your Input

arctan(1)

Result

Degrees 45.0000°
Radians π/4
≈ 0.7854 rad
The angle 45° lies in Quadrant I.
Verification: tan(45°) = 1.0000 ✓

Step-by-Step Solution

Right Triangle Diagram

Unit Circle

The computed angle drawn from the positive x-axis.

Graph of y = arctan(x)


Introduction

The tan inverse calculator (also called an arctan calculator) finds the angle when you know the tangent value. In simple terms, if you know the ratio of two sides of a right triangle, this tool tells you the angle between them. It gives results in both degrees and radians, shows exact values like π/4, and walks you through each step of the solution.

You can use this calculator in three ways. Enter a single number, type in the opposite and adjacent sides of a triangle, or use the two-argument form (atan2) to get angles in any quadrant. The tool also draws a right triangle diagram, plots the angle on a unit circle, and graphs the full arctan function so you can see where your answer falls.

The inverse tangent function, written as tan−1(x) or arctan(x), always returns an angle between −90° and 90° (or −π/2 to π/2 in radians). This is its principal range. For example, arctan(1) = 45° because the tangent of 45° is 1. Whether you are solving homework problems, checking your work, or learning trigonometry, this calculator gives you fast and accurate answers with clear steps.

How to Use Our Tan Inverse Calculator

Enter a number or side lengths, and this calculator will find the arctan (tan inverse) angle in degrees, radians, or both. It also shows step-by-step work, a right triangle diagram, and a unit circle diagram.

Pick your input method. Click one of the three tabs at the top: "Single Value" to type one number, "Opposite / Adjacent" to enter two triangle sides, or "Two-Argument (atan2)" to enter Y and X values for a full-range angle.

Single Value tab: Type a number or math expression into the input box. You can use decimals like 0.5, expressions with square roots like 1/sqrt(3), or click one of the preset buttons for common values. Press the "Random" button to try a random number.

Opposite / Adjacent tab: Enter the length of the opposite side and the adjacent side of a right triangle. The adjacent side cannot be zero. The calculator divides opposite by adjacent and finds the angle. If you need to find a missing side first, try the Pythagorean Theorem Calculator.

Two-Argument (atan2) tab: Enter a Y value and an X value. This mode uses the signs of both numbers to place the angle in the correct quadrant, giving results from −180° to 180°.

Output Units: Choose "Both" to see degrees and radians, or pick "Degrees only" or "Radians only" to show just one.

Rounding Precision: Use the dropdown to set how many decimal places appear in your answer, from 0 up to 15 or maximum accuracy.

Calculate: Click the "Calculate" button or press Enter to get your result. Click "Clear All" to reset every field back to its default value.

What Is Tan Inverse (Arctan)?

Tan inverse, also called arctan or arctan(x), is the opposite of the tangent function. Tangent takes an angle and gives you a ratio. Tan inverse does the reverse — it takes a ratio and gives you the angle. The symbol for it is tan−1(x) or arctan(x). You can explore all six trigonometric functions, including tangent, with our Trig Calculator.

How Does It Work?

In a right triangle, the tangent of an angle equals the opposite side divided by the adjacent side. If you already know that ratio but need to find the angle, you use tan inverse. For example, if the opposite side is 5 and the adjacent side is 5, the ratio is 1. Plugging that in gives you tan−1(1) = 45°. That means the angle is 45 degrees. To find all three angles of any triangle, you can also use our Triangle Angle Calculator.

Output Range

The tan inverse function always returns an angle between −90° and 90° (or −π/2 to π/2 in radians). It never gives a result outside that range. You can put in any number — positive, negative, large, or small — and you will always get an angle within those bounds.

What Is atan2?

Regular arctan only tells you an angle in a half-circle. The atan2 function is a two-argument version that uses both an x-value and a y-value. Because it looks at the signs of both numbers, it can place the angle in the correct quadrant. This gives you the full range from −180° to 180°. It is especially useful in programming, physics, and navigation.

Common Tan Inverse Values

Some inputs produce well-known exact angles:

  • tan−1(0) = 0°
  • tan−1(1/√3) = 30°
  • tan−1(1) = 45°
  • tan−1(√3) = 60°

Negative inputs give the same angles but negative. For instance, tan−1(−1) = −45°.

Where Is Tan Inverse Used?

Tan inverse shows up in many real-world tasks. Engineers use it to find angles in structures. Physicists use it to calculate directions of forces or to resolve components in projectile motion. Game developers use atan2 to point characters toward a target. Surveyors use it to measure slopes. Any time you know a rise-over-run ratio and need the actual angle, arctan is the tool you reach for. For other triangle-related problems, check out the Law of Cosines Calculator or the Law of Sines Calculator.


Formulas used

Arctangent (inverse tangent)
\theta = \arctan(x)
Arctangent from opposite and adjacent sides
\theta = \arctan\!\left(\frac{\text{opposite}}{\text{adjacent}}\right)
Two-argument arctangent (atan2)
\theta = \operatorname{atan2}(y,\, x)
Radians to degrees conversion
\theta_{\text{deg}} = \theta_{\text{rad}} \times \frac{180}{\pi}
Hypotenuse from opposite and adjacent sides
\text{hyp} = \sqrt{\text{opposite}^2 + \text{adjacent}^2}
Verification identity
\tan(\arctan(x)) = x

Frequently asked questions

What is the difference between tan inverse and arctan?

They are the same thing. Tan inverse, written as tan−1(x), and arctan(x) both mean the same function. They both take a number and return an angle. The calculator accepts either name.

Can I type expressions like sqrt(3) into the calculator?

Yes. The input box accepts math expressions. You can type sqrt(3), 1/sqrt(3), -1, or even 3/4. You can also use the symbol or π symbol directly.

Why does my answer never go past 90 degrees?

The standard arctan function always returns an angle between −90° and 90°. This is called the principal range. If you need an angle in any quadrant (up to ±180°), switch to the Two-Argument (atan2) tab instead.

What does the atan2 tab do that the single value tab does not?

The atan2 tab takes two inputs, Y and X, and uses the signs of both to figure out which quadrant the angle is in. This gives you angles from −180° to 180°. The single value tab only gives angles from −90° to 90°.

What happens if I enter zero for the adjacent side?

The calculator will show an error. Dividing by zero is not allowed. If the adjacent side is zero, the angle would be exactly 90° or −90°, which is outside the range of arctan. Use the atan2 tab with X = 0 for this case.

How do I convert the answer from radians to degrees?

The calculator does this for you. Under Output Units, select "Both" to see degrees and radians side by side. To convert by hand, multiply the radian value by 180/π (about 57.2958).

What does the π/4 symbol mean in the result?

It is an exact value in radians. π/4 means one-quarter of pi, which equals about 0.7854 radians or 45 degrees. The calculator shows exact forms like these whenever the angle matches a well-known value.

Can I find the tan inverse of a negative number?

Yes. You can enter any negative number. The result will be a negative angle. For example, arctan(−1) = −45°. The function works for all real numbers, positive or negative.

Is there a largest or smallest number I can enter?

There is no mathematical limit. You can enter very large or very small numbers. As the input gets very large, the answer gets closer to 90°. As it gets very negative, the answer gets closer to −90°. It never actually reaches those values.

How do I use this calculator with a right triangle?

Click the Opposite / Adjacent tab. Enter the length of the side across from the angle (opposite) and the side next to the angle (adjacent). The calculator divides them and finds the angle for you.

What does the verification line in the result mean?

It checks the answer by plugging the angle back into the tangent function. If tan(answer) equals the number you entered, the result is correct. This confirms the calculator is giving the right angle.

How do I change how many decimal places the answer shows?

Use the Rounding Precision dropdown. You can pick anywhere from 0 decimals up to 15, or choose "Maximum accuracy" for no rounding at all. Exact forms like π/4 always appear regardless of this setting.

Can I download the triangle diagram?

Yes. After you calculate a result, click the Download Diagram button below the right triangle drawing. It saves the image as a PNG file to your device.

What is the difference between tan inverse and the reciprocal of tangent?

They are not the same. Tan inverse (tan−1) gives you an angle from a ratio. The reciprocal of tangent is cotangent (1/tan), which gives you a number. The −1 in tan−1 means "inverse function," not "raise to the power of negative one."

Why does the unit circle diagram show my angle?

The unit circle is a circle with radius 1. It shows your angle measured from the positive x-axis. This helps you see which direction the angle points and which quadrant it falls in.

Does this calculator work on a phone?

Yes. The calculator is fully responsive. All tabs, inputs, buttons, diagrams, and the graph work on phones, tablets, and desktop computers.

What do the preset buttons do?

The preset buttons fill in common values like 0, 1, −1, √3, and 1/√3. These are the inputs that produce well-known angles (0°, 30°, 45°, 60°). Click any preset to instantly load that value and calculate.

Can atan2 handle the case where both Y and X are zero?

No. When both Y and X are zero, the angle is undefined. The calculator will show an error message asking you to enter at least one nonzero value.