Technology calculators

Bitrate Calculator

Updated Sep 6, 2026 By Jehan Wadia
Rate Formulas
Resolution
Enter a width and height between 16 and 16,384 pixels.
Frame Rate
Enabled only when the Custom preset is selected.
Enter a frame rate between 1 and 1,000 fps.
Efficiency multiplier is applied to the bits-per-pixel result.
Motion Level
Content Type Modifiers
Smooth synthetic gradients compress more efficiently.
Large dark or static regions require fewer bits.
High-entropy content demands more bits.
Audio & Container
Enter an audio bitrate of 0 kbps or more.
Additional bitrate consumed by the file container for metadata, subtitles, and structure. Enter 0 if unknown.
Enter an overhead bitrate of 0 kbps or more.
Recommended Video Bitrate
6.22 Mbps
6,221 kbps
Range: 4.98 Mbps – 7.47 Mbps
Encoding Summary
Resolution1920 × 1080
Aspect ratio16:9
Frame rate30 fps
Pixels per second62,208,000 px/s
Effective BPP0.1000
Audio (all tracks)128 kbps
Total delivery bitrate6,349 kbps (6.35 Mbps)
Codec Comparison (same resolution, frame rate & motion)
Codec Multiplier Recommended Range (−20% / +20%)
Bitrate by Codec
Step-by-Step Solution

Introduction

Bitrate is how much data your video uses each second. Pick a bitrate that is too low and your video looks blocky. Pick one that is too high and the file gets huge and hard to upload. This Bitrate Calculator works out the number that fits your footage.

The first tab, Bitrate Recommender, gives you a suggested video bitrate. Choose your resolution (like 1080p or 4K), your frame rate, your codec (H.264, H.265, or AV1), and how much motion your video has. You can also mark things like CGI, dark scenes, or noisy detail to fine-tune the result.

The second tab, File Size & Streaming Planner, works out how big your file will be. Enter your bitrate, audio tracks, and video length, and it shows the size in MB, MiB, GB, and more. It can also work backward: give it a file size and it will tell you what bitrate fits. It also checks if your upload speed is fast enough to live stream.

Both tabs show charts and step-by-step math, so you can see exactly how each answer was found. It is useful for video editors, streamers, YouTubers, and anyone who needs to plan storage or bandwidth.

How to use our Bitrate Calculator

Pick your video settings and this calculator tells you the best bitrate to use, how big your file will be, and if your internet upload speed can handle it. Fill in the fields below, then press Calculate.

Resolution: Tap a preset like 720p, 1080p, or 4K. Pick Custom if you want to type your own size.

Width and Height: These fill in on their own. You can only type in them when you choose Custom. Use pixels between 16 and 16,384.

Calculated Aspect Ratio: This shows on its own, like 16:9. You do not type here.

Frame Rate: Choose how many frames your video plays each second, such as 24, 30, or 60. Pick Custom to type any rate from 1 to 1,000 fps.

Codec: Choose H.264, H.265, or AV1. Newer codecs need fewer bits for the same look.

Motion Level: Pick Low for slow videos like talking heads, Medium for normal videos, or High for sports and fast action.

Content Type Modifiers: Tick any box that matches your video. CGI and dark scenes lower the bitrate, while noisy or busy scenes raise it.

Audio Bitrate Preset: Pick a common audio setting, like 128 kbps stereo AAC, or choose Custom.

Audio Bitrate per Track: Type the kbps for one audio track. It updates when you pick a preset.

Number of Audio Tracks: Use the plus and minus buttons to set how many audio tracks your file has.

Container / Overhead Bitrate: Add extra kbps for subtitles, metadata, and file structure. Leave it at 0 if you are not sure.

Video Bitrate (File Size tab): Type your video bitrate and pick kbps or Mbps. You can also press the button to copy the bitrate from the first tab.

Duration: Type the total seconds, or fill in hours, minutes, and seconds. Both boxes stay in sync.

File Size: Type a size and pick a unit like MB or GB. Leave it if you want the tool to work out the size for you.

Media Size Preset: Pick a disc, like DVD or Blu-ray, to fill in the file size fast.

Upload Speed: Choose your upload speed in Mbps, or pick Custom and type your own.

Upload Speed Allocation: Slide or type the percent of your upload you want to use for streaming. Most home users pick 60% to 80%.

Press Calculate to see your recommended bitrate, file size in every unit, bitrate charts, and step-by-step math.

What Is Bitrate?

Bitrate is how much data a video or audio file uses each second. It is measured in kilobits per second (kbps) or megabits per second (Mbps). A higher bitrate means more data, better picture quality, bigger files, and a faster internet connection needed. A lower bitrate saves space and bandwidth, but the video can look blocky or blurry.

What Changes the Right Bitrate

  • Resolution: More pixels need more bits. A 4K video needs far more than a 720p video.
  • Frame rate: 60 fps has twice as many frames as 30 fps, so it needs more data.
  • Motion: Sports, action, and shaky camera shots change a lot between frames, so they need more bits. A talking head or a slideshow needs fewer.
  • Codec: The codec is the tool that squeezes the video down. H.264 is the old standard. H.265 (HEVC) needs about 35% fewer bits for the same look, and AV1 needs about 45% fewer.
  • Content style: Cartoons and CGI compress well. Dark scenes and flat areas also compress well. Grain, noise, trees, and crowds are hard to compress and need more bits.

Bits Per Pixel (BPP)

A common way to pick a bitrate is bits per pixel. You multiply width × height × frame rate to get pixels per second, then multiply by a BPP value. Around 0.07 works for low motion, 0.10 for normal video, and 0.15 for high motion. Then you adjust for your codec.

Bitrate and File Size

File size comes straight from bitrate and length. Bits are divided by 8 to get bytes:

File size (bytes) = total bitrate (kbps) × 1,000 × seconds ÷ 8

Total bitrate means video plus every audio track plus any container overhead. Audio is often 128 kbps for stereo AAC, 640 kbps for Blu-ray AC3, or 1,509 kbps for DTS. Overhead is the extra data a file uses for subtitles, chapters, and structure.

SI vs. Binary Units

Storage can be measured two ways. SI units divide by 1,000, so 1 MB = 1,000,000 bytes. Binary units divide by 1,024, so 1 MiB = 1,048,576 bytes. That is why a "4.7 GB" DVD only shows about 4.37 GiB on your computer.

Upload Speed for Live Streaming

To stream live, your upload speed must be higher than your stream bitrate. A good rule is to plan for about 1.5× your video plus audio bitrate. Also, do not use your whole connection. Leave room for other devices and network overhead, and use about 60% to 80% of your upload speed for the stream. If your bitrate goes over what your line can send, viewers get buffering and dropped frames.

Quick Bitrate Guide (H.264)

  • 480p 30 fps: about 1 to 2 Mbps
  • 720p 30 fps: about 2.5 to 4 Mbps
  • 1080p 30 fps: about 5 to 8 Mbps
  • 1440p 60 fps: about 12 to 18 Mbps
  • 4K 60 fps: about 35 to 55 Mbps

With H.265 or AV1, you can cut these numbers by roughly a third to a half and keep similar quality.


Formulas used

Effective bits per pixel (motion level with content modifiers)
\text{BPP}_{eff} = \text{BPP}_{base} \times \left(1 + \sum m_i\right)
Pixels per second
P = W \times H \times \text{fps}
Recommended video bitrate (kbps)
B_{video} = \frac{P \times \text{BPP}_{eff} \times M_{codec}}{1000}
Recommended bitrate range (\pm 20\%)
B_{min} = 0.80 \times B_{video} \qquad B_{max} = 1.20 \times B_{video}
Total combined delivery bitrate (kbps)
B_{total} = B_{video} + \left(B_{audio} \times N_{tracks}\right) + B_{overhead}
File size in bytes from bitrate and duration
S_{bytes} = \frac{B_{total} \times 1000 \times t_{sec}}{8}
Total bitrate implied by file size and duration (used to solve for video, audio, or overhead)
B_{total} = \frac{S_{bytes} \times 8}{t_{sec} \times 1000}
Connection-based maximum bitrate and required upload with 1.5x headroom
B_{max,conn} = U_{Mbps} \times 1000 \times \frac{A\%}{100} \qquad U_{req} = \frac{\left(B_{video} + B_{audio,total}\right) \times 1.5}{1000}

Frequently asked questions

What is a good bitrate for uploading 1080p video to YouTube?

YouTube suggests about 8 Mbps for 1080p at 24-30 fps, and about 12 Mbps for 1080p at 50-60 fps with H.264.

Upload a bit higher than you think you need. YouTube re-encodes every video, so a stronger source file gives a better final result. Common upload targets:

  • 720p 30 fps: 5 Mbps
  • 1080p 30 fps: 8 Mbps
  • 1440p 30 fps: 16 Mbps
  • 4K 30 fps: 35-45 Mbps

What bitrate should I use for streaming on Twitch?

Most streamers stay at or under 6,000 kbps (6 Mbps), which is Twitch's practical ceiling for video.

  • 1080p 60 fps: 6,000 kbps
  • 1080p 30 fps: 4,500 kbps
  • 720p 60 fps: 4,500 kbps
  • 720p 30 fps: 3,000 kbps

Add about 160 kbps for audio. Going higher than 6,000 kbps can cause buffering for viewers who are not on a partner-quality transcode.

Does a higher bitrate always mean better video quality?

No. Bitrate helps only up to a point. Once you give the encoder enough data to hold all the detail in the frame, extra bits are wasted and the file just gets bigger.

A 720p clip at 20 Mbps will not look better than the same clip at 5 Mbps. Quality also depends on your resolution, frame rate, codec, and how good the original footage is.

What is the difference between CBR and VBR?

CBR (constant bitrate) sends the same amount of data every second. VBR (variable bitrate) spends more data on hard scenes and less on easy ones.

Use CBR for live streaming, because the platform needs a steady flow. Use VBR for files you upload or store, since it gives better quality at the same average size.

What is the difference between Mbps and MB/s?

Mbps is megabits per second. MB/s is megabytes per second. There are 8 bits in a byte, so you divide by 8.

A 100 Mbps connection moves about 12.5 MB/s. Internet plans are sold in bits, but file sizes and download managers usually show bytes. That is why a "100 Mbps" line seems slower than expected.

How long can I record video on a 64 GB memory card?

It depends on the bitrate your camera uses. Rough numbers for a 64 GB card:

  • 8 Mbps (1080p): about 17 hours
  • 25 Mbps (1080p high quality): about 5.5 hours
  • 100 Mbps (4K): about 1 hour 25 minutes
  • 400 Mbps (4K ProRes-style): about 21 minutes

Quick math: divide the bitrate in Mbps by 8 to get MB per second, then divide the card size by that.

Why does my video look blocky or pixelated?

Blockiness means the bitrate is too low for what is on screen. The encoder runs out of data and groups pixels into big squares.

It shows up most in fast motion, water, smoke, confetti, grain, and dark gradients. Fix it by raising the bitrate, lowering the resolution or frame rate, or switching to a better codec like H.265 or AV1.

What upload speed do I need to live stream at 1080p 60 fps?

Plan for about 10 Mbps upload or more. A 1080p 60 fps stream runs near 6 Mbps of video plus audio, and you want roughly 1.5x that as headroom.

Also leave bandwidth for other people in the house. If your stream uses your whole upload line, you will drop frames whenever someone else loads a page or a phone backs up photos.

Does audio bitrate make much difference to file size?

Usually not much, unless the video bitrate is low. A 128 kbps stereo track next to 6,000 kbps of video is about 2% of the file.

It matters more with big audio. A DTS track at 1,509 kbps, or five language tracks at 640 kbps each, can add gigabytes to a long movie.

What bitrate does Netflix use?

Netflix streams 1080p at roughly 5 Mbps and 4K HDR at roughly 15 Mbps. Their lower tiers can drop to about 1 Mbps.

Those numbers look small because Netflix encodes each title separately and uses efficient codecs like HEVC and AV1. A cartoon needs far fewer bits than an action film at the same resolution.

How can I shrink a video file without losing much quality?

Try these in order:

  • Switch to H.265 or AV1. You save about 35-50% of the size at the same look.
  • Use VBR or a quality-based setting instead of a high fixed bitrate.
  • Drop 60 fps to 30 fps if the footage is slow.
  • Lower the resolution if the video is mostly watched on phones.
  • Remove extra audio tracks you do not need.

Should I set a target bitrate or use CRF?

Use CRF (constant rate factor) when you care about how it looks and the file size can be whatever it needs to be. CRF 18-23 is common for H.264.

Use a target bitrate when the size or speed is fixed, like fitting a disc, meeting an upload limit, or live streaming. Bitrate targeting gives you a predictable file, CRF gives you predictable quality.

What bitrate is best for vertical videos on TikTok and Reels?

For 1080x1920 at 30 fps, aim for about 8-10 Mbps with H.264. At 60 fps, go closer to 12-15 Mbps.

Both apps compress hard after upload, so a higher source bitrate helps the final version survive. Keep audio at 128-192 kbps AAC.