What Is Coast FIRE
Coast FIRE is a branch of the FIRE movement (Financial Independence, Retire Early) that focuses on reaching a point where your investments can grow independently without needing additional contributions.
In simple terms, if you invest enough early in life, you can stop saving and let compound interest carry you to retirement.
Example
Let’s say your Coast FIRE number is $100,000. If you currently have less than that, you’ll need to keep contributing. Once you reach $100,000, your investments can grow naturally to meet your retirement goal.
What Is a Coast FIRE Calculator
A Coast FIRE calculator helps you figure out when you can stop contributing and still retire comfortably. It uses your current age, investment assets, expected growth rate, contribution amounts, planned retirement age, and retirement spending to project when you'll hit your Coast FIRE number and what your total retirement savings will look like.
How To Use the Coast FIRE Calculator
Using the calculator is quick and simple. Just enter your personal financial data, and the tool will do the rest.
Step 1: Add Your Current Info
- Current Age: How old you are today
- Current Investment Assets: The total value of your retirement investments
- Investment Growth Rate: Expected annual return, default is 8 percent (based on the S&P 500 average)
Step 2: Add Your Contributions
- Contribution Amount: How much you save each month or year
- Contribution Frequency: Choose monthly or annual
- Adjust for Inflation: Option to increase contributions by 2 percent annually
Step 3: Add Retirement Estimates
- Retirement Age: When you plan to retire
- Annual Retirement Spending: What you expect to spend yearly in today’s dollars
- Adjust for Inflation: Option to model rising costs
- Withdrawal Rate: Percentage of your portfolio you’ll withdraw each year in retirement (default is 4 percent)
Tracking Progress and Reviewing Results
Once your data is entered, the calculator provides a clear breakdown of your progress and milestones. You’ll see when you can stop contributing, how your wealth grows, and whether your goals are realistic.
Key Outputs You’ll See
- Years Until Coast FIRE: How many more years of contributions are required
- Coast FIRE Age: The age you can stop saving and let your portfolio grow
- Wealth at Coast FIRE: Projected value of your investments at that point
- Full Retirement Goal: Total amount your portfolio must reach to fund your retirement, based on your inputs
How to Use This Data
- Track Your Milestones: Use the results to set short- and long-term goals
- Visualize Growth: Review your portfolio’s expected growth over time
- Adjust Contributions: Increase your contributions or adjust your assumptions if needed
- Plan Monthly Money Dates: Review your savings and strategy monthly
- Interpret in Future Dollars: Use the inflation toggle to convert future values to today's dollars
Staying on Track
Reaching Coast FIRE is a journey, not a one-time event. Keep monitoring your investments, spending habits, and major life updates. Even small course corrections can dramatically affect your outcome.
Benefits and Challenges of Coast FIRE
Benefits
Coast FIRE reduces financial pressure by allowing you to stop saving aggressively once you hit your coast number. It also offers more flexibility in your career. You can pursue part-time work, creative pursuits, or jobs with more personal meaning. With fewer financial demands, many people experience a better work-life balance.
It’s also a more sustainable version of FIRE. Instead of relying on extreme frugality, it lets your early investments do the work. Once you're on track, compound interest continues growing your wealth. Knowing your retirement is secure can bring tremendous peace of mind.
Challenges
One drawback is that you still have to wait until traditional retirement age to use your portfolio. There’s less room for error. Market downturns, inflation, or early withdrawals can derail your progress. Even though you stop contributing, staying disciplined is critical. Overspending or lifestyle creep can jeopardize your plan. Also, if most of your money is in retirement accounts, liquidity could become an issue without an emergency fund.
Key Takeaways
Coast FIRE is an achievable and flexible way to gain financial freedom. It takes upfront commitment and a long-term mindset, but the lifestyle benefits can be substantial. Be cautious about assumptions. Don’t overestimate your growth rate or underestimate your future spending needs.
Mathematics and Assumptions Behind the Calculator
Core Assumptions
- Compound Interest: Your investments grow through returns on both your contributions and their prior growth
- Investment Growth Rate: Default is 8 percent, based on long-term S&P 500 performance
- Safe Withdrawal Rate: Default is 4 percent, a widely used guideline for sustainable retirement income
- Inflation Rate: Assumed at 2 percent, used to adjust both spending and contributions
- Contribution Frequency: Monthly contributions compound more often than annual ones
- Investment Fees: Not modeled directly, but can be accounted for by lowering the growth rate
- Retirement Savings Targets: Based on your chosen retirement age, inflation, and spending
- Social Security: Not included by default, but can be factored in by lowering your retirement spending
- After-Tax Income: All calculations are pre-tax, so users should mentally adjust for taxation
Market Limitations
The calculator uses historical market averages to model future growth. Real-world conditions may differ. Market swings, inflation surprises, or global events could affect your actual outcomes. If in doubt, use conservative inputs for a safer projection.